Paper Airplanes in Water

“On the Aerodynamics of Paper Airplanes,” Ng Bing Feng, Kng Qiao Mei, Pey Yin Yin, and Jörg U. Schlüter, 27th American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Applied Aerodynamics Conference, June 2009, San Antonio, Texas. The authors, at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, report [AIR 16:1]:

“The design of Micro Air Vehicles is challenging since the aerodynamic efficiency of airfoils and wings decreases at low Reynolds-numbers…. We present flow visualizations and force measurements in a water tunnel on the dart paper airplane design.”